6 tus kws tshaj lij kwv yees chemistry qhov sib txawv loj rau 2023
Chemists hauv kev kawm thiab kev lag luam sib tham txog dab tsi yuav ua rau cov xov xwm tshiab rau xyoo tom ntej
Credit: Will Ludwig/C&EN/Shutterstock
MAHER EL-KADY, CHIEF TECHNOLOGY OFFICER, NANOTECH ENERGY, THIAB ELECTROCHEMIST, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES
Yees duab © Maher El-Kady
"Yuav kom tshem tawm peb txoj kev vam khom rau cov roj fossil thiab txo peb cov pa roj carbon monoxide, tib txoj hauv kev tiag tiag yog hluav taws xob txhua yam ntawm tsev mus rau tsheb.Hauv ob peb xyoos dhau los, peb tau ntsib kev tawg loj hauv kev txhim kho thiab tsim cov roj teeb uas muaj zog dua uas xav tias yuav hloov pauv txoj kev peb mus ua haujlwm thiab mus ntsib cov phooj ywg thiab tsev neeg.Txhawm rau ua kom tiav kev hloov pauv mus rau lub zog hluav taws xob, kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm lub zog ceev, lub sijhawm rov qab, kev nyab xeeb, rov ua dua tshiab, thiab tus nqi ib kilowatt teev tseem yuav tsum tau ua.Ib tus tuaj yeem cia siab tias kev tshawb fawb roj teeb yuav loj hlob ntxiv hauv 2023 nrog ntau tus kws tshuaj thiab cov kws tshawb fawb cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm ua ke los pab muab lub tsheb hluav taws xob ntau ntxiv rau ntawm txoj kev. "
KLAUS LACKNER, Tus Thawj Coj, CENTER FOR NEGATIVE CARBON EMISSIONS, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY
Credit: Arizona State University
"Raws li ntawm COP27, [lub rooj sib tham thoob ntiaj teb ib puag ncig nyob rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis hauv Egypt], 1.5 ° C huab cua lub hom phiaj tau dhau los ua qhov tsis yooj yim, hais txog qhov xav tau kev tshem tawm carbon.Yog li ntawd, 2023 yuav pom kev nce qib hauv cov thev naus laus zis ncaj qha-cua-catchure.Lawv muab txoj hauv kev tuaj yeem ua rau cov pa phem tsis zoo, tab sis kim heev rau kev tswj hwm cov khib nyiab.Txawm li cas los xij, kev ntes huab cua ncaj qha tuaj yeem pib me me thiab loj hlob hauv tus lej ntau dua li qhov loj.Ib yam li cov hnub ci vaj huam sib luag, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ncaj qha tuaj yeem tsim tau ntau.Kev tsim khoom loj tau pom tias txo tus nqi los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm qhov loj.2023 tuaj yeem muab qhov pom ntawm qhov uas cov thev naus laus zis muaj peev xwm tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua ntawm kev txo nqi hauv kev tsim khoom loj. "
RALPH MARQUARDT, CHIEF INNOVATION OFFICER, EVONIK INDUSTRIES
Yees duab: Evonik Industries
“Kev txwv kev hloov pauv huab cua yog txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb.Nws tsuas tuaj yeem ua tiav yog tias peb siv cov peev txheej tsawg heev.Kev lag luam ncig tiag tiag yog qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov no.Kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg txoj kev koom tes rau qhov no suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, cov txheej txheem tshiab, thiab cov khoom siv ntxiv uas pab ua kom txoj hauv kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm cov khoom uas twb tau siv lawm.Lawv ua kom cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab tau zoo dua thiab ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev rov ua dua tshiab txawm tias dhau qhov pib pyrolysis.Kev hloov cov khoom pov tseg rau hauv cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig yuav tsum muaj kev txawj ntse los ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj.Hauv lub voj voog tiag tiag, cov khoom pov tseg tau rov ua dua tshiab thiab dhau los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb rau cov khoom tshiab.Txawm li cas los xij, peb yuav tsum ceev ceev;peb cov kev tsim kho tshiab yog xav tau tam sim no los pab txhawb kev lag luam ncig yav tom ntej. "
SARAH E. O'CONNOR, Tus Thawj Coj, DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL PRODUCT BIOSYNTHESIS, MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR CHEMICAL ECOLOGY
Credit: Sebastian Reuters
"-Omics" cov txheej txheem yog siv los tshawb pom cov noob thiab cov enzymes uas cov kab mob, fungi, nroj tsuag, thiab lwm yam kab mob siv los ua ke cov khoom ntuj tsim.Cov noob thiab cov enzymes no tuaj yeem siv tau, feem ntau ua ke nrog cov txheej txheem tshuaj, los tsim cov txheej txheem tsim khoom biocatalytic ib puag ncig rau suav tsis txheeb.Tam sim no peb tuaj yeem ua '-omics' ntawm ib lub xov tooj ntawm tes.Kuv kwv yees tias peb yuav pom li cas ib leeg-cell transcriptomics thiab genomics yog hloov pauv qhov nrawm uas peb pom cov noob thiab cov enzymes.Ntxiv mus, ib leeg-cell metabolomics tam sim no ua tau, tso cai rau peb ntsuas qhov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg lub hlwb, muab peb ib tug deb npaum li cas cov duab ntawm lub cell ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug tshuaj Hoobkas. "
RICHMOND SARPONG, ORGANIC CHEMIST, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY
Duab credit: Niki Stefanelli
"Kev nkag siab zoo dua ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm cov organic molecules, piv txwv li, yuav ua li cas rau kev pom ntawm cov txheej txheem complexity thiab yooj yim ntawm synthesis, yuav txuas ntxiv los ntawm kev nce qib hauv kev kawm tshuab, uas tseem yuav ua rau kom nrawm dua hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kev kwv yees.Cov kev nce qib no yuav pub txoj hauv kev tshiab los xav txog kev sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw tshuaj.Ib txoj hauv kev ua qhov no yog los ntawm kev hloov pauv mus rau thaj tsam ntawm cov molecules thiab lwm qhov yog cuam tshuam cov kev hloov pauv rau cov tub ntxhais ntawm cov molecules los ntawm kev kho cov pob txha ntawm cov molecules.Vim tias cov cores ntawm cov organic molecules muaj cov ntawv cog lus muaj zog xws li carbon-carbon, carbon-nitrogen, thiab carbon-oxygen bonds, kuv ntseeg tias peb yuav pom kev loj hlob ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev los ua haujlwm rau cov hom phiaj no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv cov tshuab tsis muaj zog.Kev nce qib hauv photoredox catalysis kuj tseem yuav ua rau cov lus qhia tshiab hauv kev kho pob txha. "
ALISON WENDLANDT, ORGANIC CHEMIST, MASSACHUSETTS lub koom haum ntawm TECHNOLOGY
Credit: Justin Knight
"Nyob rau xyoo 2023, organic chemists yuav txuas ntxiv thawb kev xaiv qhov siab tshaj.Kuv cia siab tias yuav muaj kev loj hlob ntxiv ntawm kev kho cov txheej txheem muab atom-theem precision nrog rau cov cuab yeej tshiab rau kev txiav macromolecules.Kuv txuas ntxiv tau txais kev tshoov siab los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov thev naus laus zis ib zaug nyob ib puag ncig rau hauv cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg: biocatalytic, electrochemical, photochemical, thiab cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis kev tshawb fawb cov cuab yeej tau nce tus nqi.Kuv cia siab tias txoj hauv kev siv cov cuab yeej no yuav tawg ntxiv, coj peb cov chemistry uas peb tsis tau xav txog qhov ua tau. "
Nco tseg: Tag nrho cov lus teb tau xa los ntawm email.
Post lub sij hawm: Feb-07-2023