Cov kev tshawb pom tsis zoo no tau txais kev nyiam ntawm C&EN cov kws kho xyoo no
los ntawm Krystal Vasquez
PEPTO-BISMOL TSIS TXAUS SIAB
Credit: Nat.Pawg.
Bismuth subsalicylate tus qauv (Bi = liab; O = liab; C = grey)
Xyoo no, ib pab neeg tshawb fawb los ntawm Stockholm University tau tawg ib puas xyoo tsis paub: cov qauv ntawm bismuth subsalicylate, cov khoom xyaw nquag hauv Pepto-Bismol (Nat. Commun. 2022, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29566-0).Siv electron diffraction, cov kws tshawb fawb pom tias qhov sib xyaw ua ke nyob rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg.Raws li qhov nruab nrab ntawm txhua tus pas nrig, oxygen anions hloov ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm peb thiab plaub bismuth cations.Lub salicylate anions, lub sijhawm no, ua haujlwm rau bismuth los ntawm lawv cov carboxylic lossis phenolic pawg.Siv cov txheej txheem electron microscopy, cov kws tshawb fawb kuj pom muaj kev hloov pauv hauv txheej txheej txheej.Lawv ntseeg tias qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb no tuaj yeem piav qhia yog vim li cas bismuth subsalicylate tus qauv tau tswj kom khiav tawm cov kws tshawb fawb tau ntev.
Yees duab © Roozbeh Jafari
Graphene sensors adhered rau forearm tuaj yeem muab kev ntsuas ntshav siab tas li.
BLOOD Pressure TATTOOS
Tau ntau tshaj 100 xyoo, kev saib xyuas koj cov ntshav siab txhais tau hais tias koj txhais caj npab nyem nrog lub ntsej muag inflatable.Ib qho downside ntawm txoj kev no, txawm li cas los xij, yog tias txhua qhov kev ntsuas tsuas yog ib qho me me ntawm tus neeg mob plawv.Tab sis xyoo 2022, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim ib ntus graphene "tattoo" uas tuaj yeem soj ntsuam cov ntshav siab tau ob peb teev ib zaug (Nat. Nanotechnol. 2022, DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01145-w).Cov pa roj carbon-based sensor array ua haujlwm los ntawm kev xa cov hluav taws xob me me mus rau hauv tus neeg hnav lub hauv pliaj thiab saib xyuas seb qhov hluav taws xob hloov li cas raws li qhov tam sim no txav los ntawm lub cev cov ntaub so ntswg.Tus nqi no cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntshav ntim, uas lub khoos phis tawj algorithm tuaj yeem txhais ua systolic thiab diastolic ntshav ntsuas.Raws li ib qho ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb sau ntawv, Roozbeh Jafari ntawm Texas A&M University, cov cuab yeej yuav muab cov kws kho mob ib txoj hauv kev los saib xyuas tus neeg mob lub plawv noj qab haus huv nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev.Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab cov kws kho mob lim tawm cov yam ntxwv ntxiv uas cuam tshuam rau ntshav siab - zoo li kev mus ntsib kws kho mob ntxhov siab.
HUMAN-GENERATED RADICALS
Credit: Mikal Schlosser / TU Denmark
Plaub tus neeg tuaj yeem zaum hauv chav tswj hwm huab cua kom cov kws tshawb fawb tuaj yeem kawm seb tib neeg cuam tshuam rau huab cua hauv tsev.
Cov kws tshawb fawb paub tias cov khoom siv tu, pleev xim, thiab cov cua fresheners tag nrho cuam tshuam rau huab cua hauv tsev.Cov kws tshawb fawb tau tshawb pom xyoo no tias tib neeg tuaj yeem ua tau thiab.Los ntawm kev tso plaub tus neeg tuaj yeem pab dawb hauv chav tswj huab cua, ib pab pawg tau tshawb pom tias cov roj ntuj ntawm tib neeg cov tawv nqaij tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog ozone hauv huab cua los tsim hydroxyl (OH) radicals (Science 2022, DOI: 10.1126/science.abn0340).Thaum tsim, cov reactive radicals no tuaj yeem oxidize cov pa hauv nruab nrog cev thiab tsim cov molecules uas muaj teeb meem.Cov roj ntawm daim tawv nqaij uas koom nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog squalene, uas cuam tshuam nrog ozone los ua 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (6-MHO).Ozone ces reacts nrog 6-MHO los ua OH.Cov kws tshawb fawb npaj los tsim cov haujlwm no los ntawm kev tshawb xyuas seb cov qib ntawm cov tib neeg tsim hydroxyl radicals yuav txawv li cas hauv ib puag ncig sib txawv.Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, lawv cia siab tias qhov kev tshawb pom no yuav ua rau cov kws tshawb fawb rov xav txog seb lawv ntsuas cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv tsev li cas, vim tib neeg feem ntau tsis pom tias yog qhov chaw ntawm emissions.
FROG-SAFE SCIENCE
Txhawm rau kawm txog cov tshuaj lom cov qav tawm tawm los tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej, cov kws tshawb fawb yuav tsum tau coj cov qauv tawv nqaij los ntawm cov tsiaj.Tab sis cov qauv qauv uas twb muaj lawm feem ntau ua mob rau cov neeg mob amphibians lossis txawm xav tau euthanasia.Xyoo 2022, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim ib txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los coj cov qav uas siv cov cuab yeej hu ua MasSpec Pen, uas siv tus cwj mem zoo li tus cwj mem los khaws cov alkaloids nyob rau sab nraum qab ntawm cov tsiaj (ACS Meas. Sci. Au 2022, DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00035).Cov cuab yeej tsim los ntawm Livia Eberlin, kws tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntawm University of Texas ntawm Austin.Nws yog Ameslikas los pab cov kws phais mob sib txawv ntawm cov nqaij mos noj qab nyob zoo thiab mob qog noj ntshav hauv tib neeg lub cev, tab sis Eberlin pom tau tias cov cuab yeej siv tau los kawm cov qav tom qab nws tau ntsib Lauren O'Connell, tus kws kho tsiaj hauv Stanford University uas kawm txog cov qav metabolize thiab sequester alkaloids. .
Credit: Livia Eberlin
Ib tug cwj mem spectrometry loj tuaj yeem ua piv txwv ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm cov qav lom yam tsis muaj kev phom sij rau tsiaj.
Credit: Science/Zhenan Bao
Ib qho stretchy, conductive electrode tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob ua haujlwm ntawm octopus cov leeg.
ELECTRODES haum rau OCTOPUS
Kev tsim cov bioelectronics tuaj yeem yog ib zaj lus qhia hauv kev sib haum xeeb.Flexible polymers feem ntau ua nruj raws li lawv cov khoom hluav taws xob txhim kho.Tab sis ib pab pawg ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb coj los ntawm Stanford University's Zhenan Bao tuaj nrog cov electrode uas yog ob qho tib si stretchy thiab conductive, sib txuas qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm ob lub ntiaj teb.Lub pièce de resistance ntawm lub electrode yog nws interlocking seem - txhua seem yog optimized los yog conductive los yog malleable thiaj li tsis mus counteract lub zog ntawm lwm yam.Txhawm rau ua kom pom nws lub peev xwm, Bao tau siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob los txhawb cov neurons hauv lub hlwb qia ntawm nas thiab ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob ua haujlwm ntawm tus ntses ntses cov nqaij.Nws tau nthuav tawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ob qhov kev sim ntawm American Chemical Society's Fall 2022 lub rooj sib tham.
BULLETPROOF POB
Credit: ACS Nano
Cov cuab yeej ntoo no tuaj yeem tua cov mos txwv nrog kev puas tsuaj tsawg.
Xyoo no, ib pab neeg tshawb fawb coj los ntawm Huazhong University of Science thiab Technology Huiqiao Li tau tsim cov cuab yeej ntoo uas muaj zog txaus los tiv thaiv cov mos txwv los ntawm 9 hli revolver (ACS Nano 2022, DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10725).Cov ntoo lub zog yog los ntawm nws cov nplooj ntawv sib hloov ntawm lignocellulose thiab cross-linked siloxane polymer.Lub lignocellulose tiv thaiv kev tawg ua tsaug rau nws cov hydrogen thib ob daim ntawv cog lus, uas tuaj yeem rov tsim dua thaum tawg.Meanwhile, lub pliable polymer ua sturdier thaum ntaus.Txhawm rau tsim cov khoom siv, Li tau txais kev tshoov siab los ntawm pirarucu, South American ntses nrog tawv tawv txaus los tiv thaiv piranha cov hniav ntse.Vim tias cov cuab yeej ntoo yog sib zog dua lwm cov khoom siv tiv thaiv, xws li hlau, cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias cov ntoo tuaj yeem muaj kev siv tub rog thiab dav hlau.
Post lub sij hawm: Dec-19-2022